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Note of reflection (March 5, 2020). This model was conceived in 2010, now more than 10 years ago, and not very long after Git itself came into being. In those 10 years, git-flow (the branching model laid out in this article) has become hugely popular in many a software team to the point where people have started treating it like a standard of sorts — but unfortunately also as a dogma or panacea. Hashes for tweepy-3.9.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl; Algorithm Hash digest; SHA256: 3b3780df00eaa937bbd5427d2011e4b3bcb6a29a87bb4cbb4addfc47850e46a5: Copy MD5. When I create a tag on my local repository it is created on my local repository. I do not know how to push this the origin located on GitHub. I could push this to the remote repository on the c.
Setup
clone the repository specified by ; this is similar to 'checkout' insome other version control systems such as Subversion and CVS
Add colors to your ~/.gitconfig file:
Highlight whitespace in diffs
Add aliases to your ~/.gitconfig file:
Configuration
edit the .git/config [or ~/.gitconfig] file in your $EDITOR
sets your name and email for commit messages
tells git-branch and git-checkout to setup new branches so that git-pull(1)will appropriately merge from that remote branch. Recommended. Without this,you will have to add --track to your branch command or manually merge remotetracking branches with 'fetch' and then 'merge'.
This setting tells git to convert the newlines to the system’s standardwhen checking out files, and to LF newlines when committing in
You can add '--global' after 'git config' to any of these commands to make itapply to all git repos (writes to ~/.gitconfig).
Info
Use this to recover from major fuck ups! It's basically a log of thelast few actions and you might have luck and find old commits thathave been lost by doing a complex merge.
show a diff of the changes made since your last committo diff one file: 'git diff -- 'to show a diff between staging area and HEAD:
git diff --cached
show files added to the staging area, files with changes, and untracked files
show recent commits, most recent on top. Useful options:--color with color--graph with an ASCII-art commit graph on the left--decorate with branch and tag names on appropriate commits--stat with stats (files changed, insertions, and deletions)-p with full diffs--author=foo only by a certain author--after='MMM DD YYYY' ex. ('Jun 20 2008') only commits after a certain date--before='MMM DD YYYY' only commits that occur before a certain date--merge only the commits involved in the current merge conflicts
show commits between the specified range. Useful for seeing changes fromremotes:git log HEAD.origin/master # after git remote update
show the changeset (diff) of a commit specified by , which can be anySHA1 commit ID, branch name, or tag (shows the last commit (HEAD) by default)
show only the names of the files that changed, no diff information.
show who authored each line in
show who authored each line in as of (allows blame to go back intime)
really nice GUI interface to git blame
show only the commits which affected listing the most recent firstE.g. view all changes made to a file on a branch:
git whatchanged | grep commit |
colrm 1 7 | xargs -I % git show % this could be combined with git remote show to find all changes onall branches to a particular file.
git whatchanged | grep commit |
colrm 1 7 | xargs -I % git show % this could be combined with git remote show to find all changes onall branches to a particular file.
show the diff between a file on the current branch and potentially anotherbranch
use this form when doing git diff on cherry-pick'ed (but not committed)changessomehow changes are not shown when using just git diff.
list all files in the index and under version control.
show the current version on the remote repo. This can be used to check whethera local is required by comparing the local head revision.
Adding / Deleting
add , , etc.. to the project
add all files under directory
to the project, including subdirectoriesadd all files under the current directory to the projectWARNING: including untracked files.
remove , , etc.. from the project
remove all deleted files from the project
commits absence of , , etc.. from the project
Ignoring
Option 1:
Edit $GIT_DIR/info/exclude. See Environment Variables below for explanation on$GIT_DIR.
Option 2:
Add a file .gitignore to the root of your project. This file will be checked in.
Either way you need to add patterns to exclude to these files.
![Getahead 1 2 – the easiest way to use git github Getahead 1 2 – the easiest way to use git github](https://ubuntupit.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/gitkraken.jpg)
Staging
add changes in , .. to the staging area (to be included inthe next commit
interactively walk through the current changes (hunks) in the workingtree, and decide which changes to add to the staging area.
interactively add files/changes to the staging area. For a simplermode (no menu), try
git add --patch
(above)Unstaging
remove the specified files from the next commit
Committing
commit , , etc.., optionally using commit message ,otherwise opening your editor to let you type a commit message
Gitahead Tutorial
commit all files changed since your last commit(does not include new (untracked) files)
commit verbosely, i.e. includes the diff of the contents being committed inthe commit message screen
edit the commit message of the most recent commit
redo previous commit, including changes made to , , etc..
Branching
list all local branches
list all remote branches
list all local and remote branches
create a new branch named , referencing the same point in history asthe current branch
create a new branch named , referencing , which may bespecified any way you like, including using a branch name or a tag name
create a new remote branch named , referencing on theremote.
Example: git push origin origin:refs/heads/branch-1
Example: git push origin origin/branch-1:refs/heads/branch-2
Example: git push origin origin:refs/heads/branch-1
Example: git push origin origin/branch-1:refs/heads/branch-2
create a tracking branch. Will push/pull changes to/from another repository.Example: git branch --track experimental origin/experimental
delete the branch ; if the branch you are deleting points to acommit which is not reachable from the current branch, this commandwill fail with a warning.
delete a remote-tracking branch.
Example: git branch -r -d wycats/master
Example: git branch -r -d wycats/master
![Getahead 1 2 – the easiest way to use git server Getahead 1 2 – the easiest way to use git server](https://git-scm.com/images/guis/github-desktop@2x.png)
even if the branch points to a commit not reachable from the current branch,you may know that that commit is still reachable from some other branch ortag. In that case it is safe to use this command to force git to delete thebranch.
make the current branch , updating the working directory to reflectthe version referenced by
create a new branch referencing , and check it out.
removes a branch from a remote repository.
Example: git push origin :old_branch_to_be_deleted
Example: git push origin :old_branch_to_be_deleted
Checkout a file from another branch and add it to this branch. Filewill still need to be added to the git branch, but it's present.
Eg. git co remote_at_origin__tick702_antifraud_blocking
../..nt_elements_for_iframe_blocked_page.rb
Eg. git co remote_at_origin__tick702_antifraud_blocking
../..nt_elements_for_iframe_blocked_page.rb
Eg. git show remote_tick702 -- path/to/fubar.txt
show the contents of a file that was created on another branch and thatdoes not exist on the current branch.
show the contents of a file that was created on another branch and thatdoes not exist on the current branch.
Show the contents of a file at the specific revision. Note: path has to beabsolute within the repo.
Merging
merge branch into the current branch; this command is idempotentand can be run as many times as needed to keep the current branchup-to-date with changes in Records 1 5 8 – innovative personal database pdf.
merge branch into the current branch, but do not autocommit theresult; allows you to make further tweaks
merge branch into the current branch, but drops any changes in, using the current tree as the new tree
Cherry-Picking
selectively merge a single commit from another local branch
Example: git cherry-pick 7300a6130d9447e18a931e898b64eefedea19544
Example: git cherry-pick 7300a6130d9447e18a931e898b64eefedea19544
Squashing
WARNING: 'git rebase' changes history. Be careful. Google it.
(then change all but the first 'pick' to 'squash')squash the last 10 commits into one big commit
Conflicts
work through conflicted files by opening them in your mergetool (opendiff,kdiff3, etc.) and choosing left/right chunks. The merged result is staged forcommit.
For binary files or if mergetool won't do, resolve the conflict(s) manuallyand then do:
Getahead 1 2 – The Easiest Way To Use Git Github
git add [ ..]
Once all conflicts are resolved and staged, commit the pending merge with:
git commit
Sharing
update the remote-tracking branches for (defaults to 'origin').Does not initiate a merge into the current branch (see 'git pull' below).
fetch changes from the server, and merge them into the current branch.Note: .git/config must have a [branch 'some_name'] section for the currentbranch, to know which remote-tracking branch to merge into the currentbranch. Git 1.5.3 and above adds this automatically.
update the server with your commits across all branches that are COMMONbetween your local copy and the server. Local branches that were neverpushed to the server in the first place are not shared.
update the server with your commits made to since your last push.This is always required for new branches that you wish to share. Afterthe first explicit push, 'git push' by itself is sufficient.
E.g. git push origin twitter-experiment:refs/heads/twitter-experimentWhich, in fact, is the same as git push origin but a littlemore obvious what is happening.
Reverting
reverse commit specified by and commit the result. This does not dothe same thing as similarly named commands in other VCS's such as 'svnrevert' or 'bzr revert', see below
re-checkout , overwriting any local changes
re-checkout all files, overwriting any local changes. This is most similarto 'svn revert' if you're used to Subversion commands
Fix mistakes / Undo
abandon everything since your last commit; this command can be DANGEROUS.If merging has resulted in conflicts and you'd like to just forget aboutthe merge, this command will do that.
undo your most recent successful merge and any changes that occurredafter. Useful for forgetting about the merge you just did. If there areconflicts (the merge was not successful), use 'git reset --hard' (above)instead.
forgot something in your last commit? That's easy to fix. Undo your lastcommit, but keep the changes in the staging area for editing.
redo previous commit, including changes you've staged in the meantime.Also used to edit commit message of previous commit.
Plumbing
Blur n bokeh 2 4 – blur your images. test = $(git merge-base )
determine if merging sha1-B into sha1-A is achievable as a fast forward;non-zero exit status is false.
determine if merging sha1-B into sha1-A is achievable as a fast forward;non-zero exit status is false.
Stashing
save your local modifications to a new stash (so you can for example'git svn rebase' or 'git pull')
restore the changes recorded in the stash on top of the current working treestate
restore the changes from the most recent stash, and remove it from the stackof stashed changes
list all current stashes
show the contents of a stash - accepts all diff args
delete the stash
delete all current stashes
Remotes
adds a remote repository to your git config. Can be then fetched locally.Example:
git remote add coreteam git://github.com/wycats/merb-plugins.git
git fetch coreteam
git fetch coreteam
delete a branch in a remote repository
create a branch on a remote repository
Example: git push origin origin:refs/heads/new_feature_name
Example: git push origin origin:refs/heads/new_feature_name
replace a branch with <new_remote> think twice before do this
Example: git push origin +master:my_branch
Example: git push origin +master:my_branch
prune deleted remote-tracking branches from 'git branch -r' listing
add a remote and track its master
show information about the remote server.
Eg git checkout -b myfeature origin/myfeature
Track a remote branch as a local branch.
Track a remote branch as a local branch.
For branches that are remotely tracked (via git push) butthat complain about non-fast forward commits when doing agit push. The pull synchronizes local and remote, and ifall goes well, the result is pushable.
Submodules
add the given repository at the given path. The addition will be part of thenext commit.
Update the registered submodules (clone missing submodules, and checkoutthe commit specified by the super-repo). --init is needed the first time.
Executes the given command within each checked out submodule.
Remove submodules
- Delete the relevant line from the .gitmodules file.
- Delete the relevant section from .git/config.
- Run git rm --cached path_to_submodule (no trailing slash).
- Commit and delete the now untracked submodule files.
Patches
Generate the last commit as a patch that can be applied on anotherclone (or branch) using 'git am'. Format patch can also generate apatch for all commits using 'git format-patch HEAD^ HEAD'
All page files will be enumerated with a prefix, e.g. 0001 is thefirst patch.
All page files will be enumerated with a prefix, e.g. 0001 is thefirst patch.
Applies the patch file generated by format-patch.
Generates a patch file that can be applied using patch:
Useful for sharing changes without generating a git commit.
Git Instaweb
Environment Variables
Your full name to be recorded in any newly created commits. Overridesuser.name in .git/config
Your email address to be recorded in any newly created commits. Overridesuser.email in .git/config
Location of the repository to use (for out of working directory repositories)
Location of the Working Directory - use with GIT_DIR to specifiy the workingdirectory rootor to work without being in the working directory at all.